1Faculty of Agriculture and Veterinary, University of Prishtina, Kosovo,
2Department of Plant Sciences and Technologies, Agricultural University of Tirana, Albania
*Corresponding author e-mail: muzaferluma69@gmail.com
Abstract:
Although it has a relatively small territory, Kosovo is very rich in the floral aspect. In Kosovo are grown about 1800 vascular plant species, and about 300 of them are considered aromatic and medicinal plants [1]. Among these aromatic and medicinal plants, a great economic and scientific interest is represented by cowslip plant (Primula veris L.), which is spread in several regions of Kosovo [2].. The study analyzes 20 cowslip plant populations distributed in the two main regions of the country, respectively in the eastern part (Rrafshi i Dukagjinit) and in the western part (Rrafshi i Kosoves ) [7,8]. Depending on the area where the samples were taken, the altitude above sea level ranges from 500 to 1728 m. In total twenty sampling points were defined, and in each of them plant flower samples were collected and analyzed for phenol content. Also, in each of these twenty points, soil samples are taken and analyzed for the main chemical indicators (pH, Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium , etc,). The purpose of the study was to determine the impact of the soil chemical composition, on the content of phenols in cowslip plant flowers. After receiving and analyzing the data, it results that the chemical composition of the soil has a significant effect on the level of phenol content in the plant flowers. The results of the study shows that when soil acidity (pH) is at 6-7 intervals, the phenol content in flowers is higher, and when pH values increase above level 7, or when the values decrease below level 6, then the phenol content decreases. Related to the influence of soil chemical elements, it results that the highest content of phenols is on soils with nitrogen content of 0.1-0.2 %, phosphorus content from 0.6-1.1ppm, and potassium content from 19-23 mg / 100 gr. These data have a great interest to be considered especially for the cultivation of cowslip, which in recent years has started to be implicated in Kosovo as well.
Keywords: phenol; diversity; plant populations; chemical analysis; chemical composition; vascular plants.
