Comparison and evaluation of the lower urinary tract diseases radiographic, ultrasonographic diagnosis and cystoscopic examination findings in dogs

yusuf Şen¹, ali Bumin^1*, irem Ekmen¹, gonca Sönmez¹

¹Ankara University, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine / 06110 Ankara, Turkia

*Corresponding author  e-mail: alibumin@gmail.com        

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Abstract:

In this study, 12 dogs clinical cases of various ages, races and genders, with complaints of lower urinary tract diseases which brought to the Animal Hospital of Ankara University Faculty of Veterinary Medicine were evaluated with radiography, ultrasonography and cystoscopy. After anamnesis, bi-directional direct radiograms were taken and contrast radiography was decided in some of the cases, when needed. Positive contrast or double contrast radiographies were decided according to the indications of the cases. Urinary tracts of the dogs were evaluated with abdominal ultrasonography and according to the findings, endoscopic examination was performed. All the dogs were evaluated with Transurethral Cystoscopy. There were 2 cases of urothiasis and petechial hemorrhage in urethra and vesica urinaria, 1 case of bladder neoplasia, 3 cases of petechial hemorrhage in urethra and vesica urinaria, 2 cases of chronic cystitis and 4 cases had no pathology. In two cases with urolithiasis, stones could be identified with all three imaging techniques. In the case of bladder neoplasia, the tumor formation which can not be determined by radiographic direct x-ray was detected by double contrast cystography. The neoplasia in this case could also be observed by ultrasonography and cystoscopy. Three cases with chronic cystitis could be diagnosed by all three imaging techniques. Bleeding areas in three cases with petechial hemorrhage in the urethral mucosa and vesica urinaria could only be determined by cystoscopy. In conclusion, diseases of the urinary bladder in dogs were evaluated by radiography, ultrasonography and cystoscopy, respectively. Cystoscopy was determined to be far superior to other diagnostic methods. The findings provided important information for researchers and clinicians and a major contribution for our endoscopy unit to come to international norms.

Keywords: Cystoscopy, diagnose, dog, radiography, ultrasonography.